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Reinhold von Werner
Reinhold von Werner (10 May 1825 – 26 February 1909) was a Prussian and later Imperial German naval officer in the 19th century, eventually reaching the rank of vice admiral. He commanded warships during the three wars of German Unification, the Second Schleswig War, the Austro-Prussian War, and the Franco-Prussian War in 1864, 1866, and 1870–1871, respectively, and during a naval intervention during a revolution in Spain in 1873. His actions off Spain, considered extreme by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, resulted in his court-martial. He was promoted two years after the intervention in Spain, but was forced into retirement after a major feud with Albrecht von Stosch three years later. Werner wrote numerous books during and after his naval career, and also founded a periodical on maritime topics. He was ennobled in 1901 and died in February 1909.
==Early life==
Reinhold Werner was born on 10 May 1825, in the town of Weferlingen, Prussia in what is now Saxony-Anhalt.〔Hildebrand, Röhr and Steinmetz, p. 108〕〔Gilman, Peck, & Colby, p. 429〕 He served for several years in the merchant marine in the 1830s and 1840s, during which he made several voyages to the East Indies.〔 While in the merchant marine, he was given the nickname ''Schweizer'' (Swiss), as his North German shipmates found his accent to be particularly foreign compared to their native ''Plattdeutsch''.〔Sondhaus ''Weltpolitik'', p. 2〕
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